Comparison Between Agile And PMBOK Model Of Software †Free Samples

Question: Examine about the Comparison Between Agile And PMBOK Model Of Software. Answer: Presentation The accompanying report is all examination betweenagile venture the executives and PMBOK model of programming advancement. Agileproject the board is viewed as best for overseeing different tasks and in the more seasoned days cascade strategy was utilized for overseeing different ventures (Stackpole, 2013). There are three model of programming improvement in dexterous model are Extreme programing (XP), Scrum, Feature driven Development (FDD). Extraordinary programming can be shortened form XP which is a kind of Agile model which is utilized in 1990 from an undertaking at an association named Chrysler organization (Kerzner, 2013). Scrum gives another strategy to creating items and it is commonly evolved by mentioning an objective fact on elite groups and in this technique ventures works through a progression of emphasis known as runs (Balaji Murugaiyan, 2012). The full type of FDD is include driven advancement which is a gradual programming improvement which for the most part involves five stages which are improvement of by and large model, making an element of rundown, arranging of different subject of region, planning a lot of highlights and working by highlights. PMBOK is the abbreviation of venture the board collection of information is the expansion of different information inside the administration of a task (Snyder, 2014). A short examination among PMBOK and deft model ofproject the board has been finished. Use of light-footed model and PMBOK model has been unmistakably clarified. Conversation: Project techniques Coordinated undertaking the board: It is outstanding amongst other procedure utilized for the board of different activities. It is one of the update venture procedures utilized for the executives of undertaking in different programming advancements (Kerzner, 2013). Already cascade strategy was utilized procedure for overseeing different programming advancements. On the opposite because of headway in programming industry, advancements and business, the crude models were insufficient to fulfill the necessity of developing requests (Snyder, 2017). So some progressively adaptable models of programming advancement are expected to check the dexterity of the developing needs (Ghosh et al.,2012). So Agile programming model was created. Coordinated venture the executives is not quite the same as would be expected models as it centers around some extraordinary zones of a task the board. This model spotlights on the way that the group should go about as an incorporated unit. Customary correspon dence is a significant factor which is fundamental for reconciliation (Balaji Murugaiyan, 2012). Colleagues of coordinated venture basically centers around the utilization of open correspondence strategy which causes them in communicating their thoughts and criticism all the more transparently and in quicker manner. Three diverse programming improvement technique remembered for Agile strategy are Extreme programing (XP), Scrum, Feature driven Development (FDD). Extraordinary programming:XP is the condensing of Extreme writing computer programs is a sort of coordinated technique which rose in the time of 1990 from a task at Chrysler organization (Schwalbe, 2015). These technique has four primary targets that are correspondence which deals with different practices like testing of units, programming of pair and estimation of undertaking, searching for straightforward arrangements, having criticism which helps in getting an information about the current state of framework and having boldness to check the different defects in the framework and to take prompt choice (Schwalbe, 2012). XP a portion of the practices like arranging, discharge, similitude, plan and testing. Scrum: Scrum give another approach to improvement of new items and it was created by mentioning an objective fact on little elite group. In this technique, ventures work through a progression of emphasis called runs (Popli Chauhan, 2013). At the beginning time of tasks build-up is readied is which the necessities or prerequisites of undertakings are caught. First and foremost a run arranging meeting is directed in which item proprietors draws out the various issues in an item and the scrum group relate the work they can do in given time (Richter, 2015). Scrum underlines on two exercises that are arranging and engineering improvement. Arranging centers around new discharge which helps in estimation of cost and engineering created remembers planning for significant level. Highlight driven Development: FDD represents include driven improvement which is viewed as a gradual programming advancement which comprise of five stages that are advancement of generally speaking model, making a component of rundown, arranging of different subject of region, planning a lot of highlights and working by highlights (Kerzner, 2013). The initial step is about extension and condition of a framework. In this progression the entire task is partitioned into little groups which comprise of different designers and clients (Ghosh et al.,2012). The second technique for FDD is to make a rundown of highlights wherein the improvement group will check the different rundown of highlights which is required (O'Sheedy Sankaran, 2013). Third step is about creation of venture advancement plan and gathering is accomplished by creation improvement plan. Gathering can be accomplished by usefulness and existing highlights and different elements that are thought about are improvement group an d intricacy highlights which are should have been executed. Fourth stage is tied in with planning the different arrangements of highlights for given structure (Allen, 2012). This structure model is comprehensive of different models of plan. The fifth stage is tied in with building highlights and creating different of bunches of highlights and making unit test on them(Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). The cluster of highlight is about head programming work bundle (CPWP) and ought to be chosen so that it tends to be handily finished in single element in under about fourteen days. PMBOK: PMBOK represents venture the executives assortment of information is only the expansion of different information inside a calling of the board of undertaking. Venture the executives is the usage of information, abilities, supplies and procedures of different exercises of undertaking to fulfill the need of task (Ghosh et al., 2012). Venture the executives is accomplished through usage and incorporation of different procedures going from inception to shutting. Task director is just individual liable for accomplishing the different destinations or points of an undertaking. PMBOK stresses on different administration of undertaking which for the most part covers different administration disciplines (Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). Task director when all is said in done talk about three factors that are degree, time and cost associated with overseeing of venture (Ghosh et al.,2012). The nature of venture is commonly influenced by checking the over three variables. Exclusive expecta tion of activities points in giving item or administration inside given time, degree and financial plan. Venture the executives can likewise be characterized as the hierarchical or administrative approach to oversee ventures (Kerzner, 2013). PMBOK have certain territories like undertaking incorporation the board, venture scope the board, venture time the executives, cost the board of task, Management of Quality of undertaking, venture of human asset the executives, correspondence the board of task and in conclusion chance administration. Complexity Methods PMBOK centers around building up the accompanying like improvement of undertaking the board plan, explanation of task scope, confirm different venture chip away at the hand nimble strategy underscores on checking the endorsement of the board for raising asset during the period of arranging and advancement of different apparatuses for the executives which happens during the arranging stage (Larson Gray,2013). In regard of task scope the board, PMBOK accentuates on definition and arranging of extension and points in making work breakdown structure while coordinated strategy does a legitimate examination on area for making a model of space and picking the most proper model for advancement of programming. In regard to extend time the executives, PMBOK has certain exercises like definition, stages, figuring of assets, estimation of length of venture, appropriate turn of events and control, on the opposite dexterous strategy has legitimate definition for assessing the conveyance date and m onth to month based cycle. With regarded to extend cost the board, PMBOK helps in getting a gauge, financial plan and control of cost of any venture while lithe strategy helps getting a thought regarding the expense during the arranging phase of the task. In regard to Quality administration, PMBOK helps in quality arranging, confirmation and control of venture while coordinated technique helps in circulating, audit and change of different measures of items (Burke, 2013). In regard to human asset the executives, PMBOK underlines on arranging of human asset and securing, improvement and the board of different venture groups while nimble technique centers around group interest in gatherings and every day scrums (Ghosh et al., 2012). In regard to the executives of undertaking correspondence, PMBOK has certain capacities like arranging of correspondence, dissipating of data, overseeing of different partners and announcing of execution while nimble has meeting in regard to audit of struct ure, scrum, run arranging and checking on (Larson Gray,2013). Concerning venture chance administration PMBOK has chance arranging and distinguishing proof, subjective and quantitative investigation of hazard, chance reaction arranging and control while deft technique utilizes exploring of hazard at the hour of survey gatherings. Materialness Light-footed Model: In Agile model necessities of the venture can change according to the necessities of the task and ordinarily it is seen that the prerequisites are not satisfactory. This model is utilized is utilized when the size of the undertaking little thus a little group is required for dealing with the task. The deft model is made is such a way, that it can undoubtedly fulfill the requirements of the venture and it is likewise intended to adaptable. In this model the engineers ought to have a smart thought or information about the venture. In this model odds of event of hazard are more and whic

You Decide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

You Decide - Essay Example It is a given that all patients need the heart for them to have a higher possibility of living with the most extreme clinical want to live more. It is only a sorry express that there is just a single heart accessible that a choice must be made whom the heart will be transplanted. I list the imperative of need based on what or how long will the patient lose in the event that they won't have the transplant. Of the three patients, the little youngster Lisa of 12 years of age has as long as she can remember before her and it will be such a torment to deny her of that opportunity to understand a full life. Second, the little youngster Lisa has additionally the most noteworthy possibility of enduring being youthful whose body is becoming approved by the tests led that she is the most appropriate host of the heart in this way limiting the likelihood of dismissal guaranteeing that the uncommon heart will be effectively utilized. Third, Lisa the little youngster without question will profit the most from the transplant because of her young age. At 12, she despite everything has as long as she can remember in front of her and the part will be utilized for quite a while in this way enhancing its utilization. Different patients likewise have a requirement for the heart yet the utilization and advantage of the heart isn't as long contrasted with Lisa. Finally, Lisa’s father Dr. Jonathan Doe is an oncologist who is likewise in the calling of sparing lives who is an up and coming oncologist for this emergency clinic. The decision of giving the transplant to Lisa while decided likewise the three other models is additionally dictated by the inclination of giving need human services to hospital’s specialist. Likewise, the emergency clinic and its patients and research will profit by the $2 million that will be given by Dr. Doe for the transplant. That implies that the emergency clinic can give all the more free consideration to the individuals who needs clinical consideration however doesn't have cash to cover medical clinic tabs. The cash will likewise profit emergency clinic inquire about that will improve clinical help conveyance later on. Having

The Benefit of Management Information System Research Paper

The Benefit of Management Information System - Research Paper Example Instructive framework software’s relates to the requirements of the end clients and vows to be integral to all future application frameworks. It upgrades the information’s the executives to choose various applications from the market as to the necessities and cost suitably while offering the assurances and abilities to interlock with the worldwide framework. Dr S.shajahan (2004). Basing on enlightening specialists and experts; the necessities to diminish new mechanical dangers has been a hostile point. Enlightening availability, classification and trustworthiness have been seen as a basic angle, in any case, the improvement of defensive measures against a potential danger, for example, infections, programmers and framework disappointments have been the essential concern. One of the significant difficulties that administration and absolutely data innovation directors face is monitoring the board data frameworks and upgrading the advantages of data innovation got from sat isfying current handling need and key preparing requests. Data innovation is hard to figure out what frameworks to put resources into. The inquiry that waits is whether to put resources into data innovation arrangements that are presently required or put resources into data innovation arrangements that oblige the future needs of the association. Innovation is quick moving and the board frameworks have developed throughout the years from performing essential finance undertakings to complex assignments, for example, giving data with respect to deals, stock and dynamic procedures.

The Perfect Structure of Writing a Business Term Paper

The Perfect Structure of Writing a Business Term Paper A term paper is likely to be included as a requirement for most, if not all, of your business classes. It is mostly because it not only helps to determine how well a student is doing in understanding the concepts of the course but also to give them the opportunity to learn more in depth information about a particular subject. The extensive research that is needed to effectively write a succinct business term paper gives the student a chance to get more complete concepts in business. A business term paper is usually between 8 to 10 pages in length, however, these requirements vary per instructor. Students are usually given the entire term to complete the assignment, which is the main reason why it is called a â€Å"term† paper. The paper needs to include various components that will be discussed in more detail below. This guide will help you work through each section. Title Page Certain formatting styles like the APA format will need the title page to be an additional paper all by itself. It gives the information like your paper’s name, your name, course name, school name, and date. It is the first page of your paper. The MLA form does not have a title page and all of this information is in the upper left hand side of the page. Abstract Large papers will include an abstract that gives a summary of what the paper is about. The summary should give all of the important information. Fill up half of the paper with single spaced text and you should be all set. Remember, this section isn’t like the back cover of a book. It shouldn’t keep the â€Å"good stuff† secret. The reader should be able to read this instead of the entire piece. Table of Contents The table of contents lists all of the sections and chapter titles and the page number where the sections can be found. It usually comes after the abstract if there is one in the paper. Introduction Make sure that you introduce your topic and give some background information on it. It means that you need to provide a brief overview to get the reader interested. Include the thesis near the end of the introduction. Thesis The thesis is the main point that you are trying to make. If you could prove your point in one sentence, the thesis would be it. Make an outline to help you develop the perfect thesis for your paper. It is the best way to make sure that you do it just right. Body Here is where you have to â€Å"put your money where your mouth is† and prove your thesis. The evidence that supports your thesis must be trustworthy because, otherwise, your points will be easy to dispute. Conclusion Now it is time to wrap it up. You need to restate your main points in your conclusion and pull it all together. Don’t rush this part of the process. It is vital to the success of your paper and your last chance to get your points across. Bibliography The reference page gives all of your resources that were used. You need to give credit to those that you get your ideas from. It is not only the right move to make, but it also allows you to give your words extra power. When people see the source, they believe what you say more than before. Show that different scientists have your back in the facts that you state. When you are writing your custom term paper, these tips are very vital to the success of your paper. Now, all you have to do is get writing. Get to work. A great paper is right around the corner.

Gay Marriage and Religion Essay - 642 Words

Although the gay marriage topic has been pretty hot this year and during the Presidential debate, it has been around for a while, but people tended to ignore it. In contrast, today the topic has gained national attention. Not only has it been an interesting topic to look at in terms of same-sex weeding but also due to religious means. Some opponents object to same-sex marriage on religious grounds, arguing that extending marriage to homosexual couples undercuts the conventional meaning of marriage in various traditions, and does not fulfill and procreation role. Writers have coined the term marriage to be restricted to a religious context and that state and federal government should not be involved in the religious practice. This could†¦show more content†¦It provides one of the great outlets for social intercourse and enjoyment. In Islam, Ph. D. Farah expresses from the previous quote is that the jointment of marriage serves to emphasize the significance attached to family life as a force for unity in Islamic society. TheÂ… and they have taken a strong pledge (Mithaqun Ghaltihun) from you? The Quran specifically refers to marriage as Mithaqun Ghalithun, which means a strong agreement. The seriousness of this of this covenant becomes very obvious when one finds the same term, Mithaqun Ghaltihun, being used for the agreement trade between Allah and the Prophet before granting them the responsibility of Parenthood. Like anything else in their society that the Muslim does, marriage is taught not to be undertaken until gaining an understanding of all that Allah has prescribed in terms of rights and obligations as well as gaining a understanding of the wisdom behind the institution. A Muslim is not to engage in something that is important as marriage unless there is a full understanding of the purpose of marriage in Islam. Furthermore, from a readers standpoint, the purpose of marriage is not simply to produce any child that will live in the next genera tion but a child who will be obedient to Allah. This is impossible to achieve when there are two people of the same-exShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal966 Words   |  4 PagesGay marriage is one of the most debated and controversial issues in today’s society. Everyone has his or her opinions on gay marriage, whether it is acceptable or should not be allowed. According to The Washington post, â€Å"59 percent say they support same-sex marriage while 34 percent are opposed†(Craighil, P., Clement). While 59% of the supporting gay is a high number, however that number is skewed. There is a difference between tolerance and acceptance, but the 59% is the total of the both. PeopleRead MoreGays Should Be Legal Contract1290 Words   |  6 PagesGays Should Be Allowed To Marry Calling something marriage does not make it marriage. Marriage is a legal contract between a man and a woman. It is the institution that establishes kinship and relations in the family. Marriage is mostly recognized by a state, organization, religious authority, local community, or peers. Marriage is for procreation, education, the unity, and well-being of the couple. Some say marriage is for two people who love each other and ready for commitment. Nevertheless, inRead MoreEssay about The Case for Gay Marriage1673 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical debate over the decisive issue of gay marriage forces us to rethink our commitment to those deliberate words. Throughout our history, America’s homosexual population has struggled against society to prove that they have the right to marry anyone they love, regardless of sex. Until only recently, in fact, the vast majority of Americans have held steadfast views against the legalization of gay marriage. 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Religion opposes gay rights, especially gay marriage on the basisRead MoreGay Marriage and the Constitution Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesGay Marriage and the Constitution Amberlee Ozment Axia College of University of Phoenix Gay Marriage and the Constitution Is it okay to not believe in gay marriage, yet at the same time support the constitutional rights of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness for homosexual couples? Even though most churches beliefs conflict with marrying same-sex partners, government should not deny a persons right to their happiness; because any person, no matter race, color, sex, religion or sexualRead MoreGay Marriage1280 Words   |  6 Pagesburrows, but flamboyantly celebrate their identities. The gays are now a people willing and ready to be heard. It has come to all of our attentions that in the light of marriage they have been depraved and deceived. Homosexuals cannot allow this persecution to continue, as they are constantly forfeited equal rights. 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According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead MoreArticle On Gay Marriage Rights1686 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 101 10/25/16 Krietcsh Gay Marriage Rights Can you believe that in some parts of the world it is still illegal to be homosexual , or better yet to marry the person you love if they are the same sex as you? Many people use religion to try a stop gay marriage rights. But religion has nothing to do with the fact that it is every human being’s right to marry the person they love.Gay Marriage has always been around for example â€Å"Evidence exists that same-sex marriages were tolerated in parts of MesopotamiaRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage1191 Words   |  5 PagesChristina Abreu Professor Peter Lamar Introduction to Classics in Philosophy 6 November 2014 Gay Marriage Thomas Jefferson wrote about â€Å"unalienable rights† in The Declaration of Independence. 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To Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis - 924 Words

The novel To Kill a Mockingbird is based on the passed experienced from Harper Lees childhood. The character of Atticus resembles the author’s father, and the character of Scout resembles herself. To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel written by the well known author, Harper Lee. This book is written in Scouts perspective to portray her life. The main character, Scout, who is also the narrator is portrayed as a young girl who is still learning the rules of life. Her father, her brother Jem, and nanny (Calpurnia) all play a role in teaching Scout right from wrong as she grows. The novel is based around the case of Tom Robinson and the events that happen in Maycomb. The novel is greatly based on prejudice; mainly prejudice against poor people,†¦show more content†¦13). Aunt Alexandra has her own views on how a woman should act and behave. She wants to teach Scout her views on how to act like a lady. Aunt Alexandra and many of the other characters in the novel are prejudice t owards women. She felt that all women should act a certain way. Aunt Alexandra felt as if Calpurnia is not the right woman role model that Scout needs. The novel takes place during The Great Depression In the 1950’s, which was right after The Womens Suffrage Act in 1920. During This time women were granted the same rights as men. In the novel, women continued to be discriminated against and were still not treated the same as men. Families in Maycomb were seen as the average family for their time. The women would usually stay at home and take care of the children, while the fathers were the breadwinners and went to work. Aunt Alexandra along with many of the other people in Maycomb discriminated against women and believed that they should act like a lady. The main, most important kind of prejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird is the prejudice against race. The prejudice against race can be shown through the trial of Tom Robinson. Atticus said to Jem, â€Å"‘As you grow olde r, youll see white men cheat black men every day of your life†¦ dont you forget it whenever a white man does that to a black man, no matter who he is, how nice he is, or how fine a family he come from, that white man is trash’† (Lee 295, Ch. 23). Atticus is explaining to Jem that there isShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird Character Analysis Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Prompt: In a 1-2 page character analysis, explain what makes Atticus such a good parent, using quotes and evidence from the text to back up your claims. The Most Memorial Parent In 2003, the American Film Institute chose Atticus Finch, a respectful, dignity attorney from To Kill a Mockingbird, as the greatest hero in 100 years of film history. Harper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird in the 1960s and it immediately received huge acclaims from readers throughout the world. In the novelRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis783 Words   |  4 PagesMockingbird Characters A mockingbird is someone or something that does no harm to others. In the story To Kill A Mockingbird, there are three characters that symbolize a mockingbird. They are Boo Radley, Atticus Finch, and Tom Robinson. These characters are innocent and do good to others. They also deserve no harm to be done to them. Boo Radley is a character the symbolizes a mockingbird. People like Mrs. Crawford spread rumors about Boo. â€Å"As Mr. Radley passed by, Boo drove the scissorsRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis721 Words   |  3 Pagesclass 6th Period English ll December 21 To Kill a Mockingbird is written by Harper Lee. It is the story of a black man’s struggle for justice. The protagonists Atticus Finch and his daughter Scout and other characters such as Tom Robinson and Bob Ewell, the author reveals her themes showing the evils of racism and the need in humans for respect. heroism is found in this novel, characters who show both physical and moral courage. Three characters to start are Atticus Finch, Mrs. Dubose, andRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis903 Words   |  4 Pages To Kill a Mockingbird, a novel written by Harper Lee, takes place during the Great Depression in the fictional town of Maycomb County, Alabama. The novel is narrated by Scout Finch looking back upon events within her childhood in Maycomb. She retells the various adventures she’s had with her brother, Jem, and father, Atticus. Scout and Jem are often getting themselves into trouble whether it is because they are pestering their reclusive neighbors the Radleys, or are destroying the gardens of anotherRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis733 Words   |  3 PagesIn the story To Kill a Mockingbird it follows the life of Jem and Scout as they grow up in a time of inequality and injustice. In the beginning of the story Scout does not understand Atticus’ life lessons, but as she matures she will. The author tells the story from an older and more mature Scout’s perspective. Harper Lee also uses the voice of Jem to portray the internal and external conflicts in the book. Using Jem’s voice, Lee reveals how a young man can rise above ignorance in their communityRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis956 Words   |  4 PagesEmpathetic Development in To Kill a Mockingbird Developing genuine empathy is one of life’s greatest challenges. In To Kill a Mockingbird, author Harper Lee uses unhypocritical, more experienced characters like Atticus to expose Jem and Scout to adult knowledge. Their adult influence is what brings about the empathetic growth and maturity of Jem and Scout. Atticus is one of these adults. After Scout is upset by her teacher’s inability to understand Maycomb County’s culture, Atticus delivers theRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis756 Words   |  4 Pagesso that she could end the aggression her father gave her. Mayella is powerful due to the fact that she is white, her family is the poorest family out there, but because of her color she will always be preferred over African-Americans. In â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird,† Harper Lee uses class, race, and gender to determine if Mayella has power after all. In this case, power brought her down to be on a negative side. She may be white but because of the way she lives she will never earn the trust of othersRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis1005 Words   |  5 Pages Character Development and Theme PBA â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† by Harper Lee is an exceedingly powerful novel. It includes many significant minor themes such as racism and hatred which leave the reader to have grown more attentive to the past once they complete the book. The book takes place in Maycomb County Alabama during the great depression. During this period there was a great deal of hate and prejudice towards people of color, in addition to a great regard to social class. The novels protagonistsRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird : Character Analysis772 Words   |  4 Pages To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, two characters, Jem and Scout, live in Maycomb, Alabama where they learn many lessons. Atticus, Jem and Scout’s father, helps them learn and understand many of these life morals. Jem and Scout take in multiple moral lessons such as not jumping to conclusions, being respectful to everyone, and having contentment for what you have by interacting with other citizens of Maycomb. Mrs. Dubose, an older woman who was a morphine addict, was not only a character in theRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis791 Words   |  4 PagesCourage is an essential human quality. Facing fears against all odds is a feature in many novels. Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is no exception. Many characters depicts the quality. Some in normal situations others, take on terrifying tasks in a unique and original way. Scout, Jem, Atticus, and Ms. Dubose show bravery in many areas of their lives, one character risks their careers, others have a situation that lacks massive consequences. Scout shows courage by standing up to her family

Twitter Quitters Post Roadblock Term Growth -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Twitter Quitters Post Roadblock Term Growth? Answer: Introducation From business economics point of view, economies of scale can be defined as a process of producing more units of goods and services on large scale which consume fewer input costs (Newton Carnevali, 2010). If we relate economies of scale to Australian Airline Industry, then a clear definition from this perspective would be asserted as follows: Economies of scale of Australian Airline Industry occur when the industry undergo growth and development and increase its production units. Finally the industry will have a better opportunity to decrease its costs. Market structures that require economies of scale The main market structures in economics include perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. A perfect competition market structure is define from a perspective of many buyers and sellers. Products in perfect markets are homogeneous (Martin, 2009). On the other hand, monopoly market structure is defined from a perspective of many buyers and a single seller who dominate the whole market. Oligopoly market is dominated by few number of large sellers. On the other hand, monopolistic competition involves imperfect competition where products sold have been differentiated through branding. With a clear understanding of these market structure, the most appropriate market structures that require economies of scale are monopoly and oligopoly. Economies of scale and oligopoly Oligopolistic market structure can be established by existence of economies of scale in different types of industries. This market structure has few sellers of similar products (Dann Dann, 2004). If the industry is producing units that constitute a portion of the total available market, then the cost of production is reduced. As a result, the number of firms in the industry are reduced into a small number where each firm supply a sizable part of the total market demand. Economies of scale and monopoly Monopoly market structure can be established through economies of scale. This market has a single seller of a particular product. There are many buyers. Industries that dominate the market are likely to produce large units since the level of competition in the market is minimal. The average costs per unit of output reduce as production increase. A firm that produce this product will continue to produce large units until market demands are satisfies. The reduced costs of production culminate from economies of scale and a firm supplying this product may become a monopolist in the long run. If we consider the line graph below, each market structure has unique characteristics. We will determine market structure for Australian Airline Industry after analyzing features of each market structure. Australian Airline Industry operated as an oligopoly market structure. This is because, the industry constituted few number of service providers. From Australian Airline Industry case study, there are only two sellers of airline services. That is, Qantas and Virgin Blue. These two companies provide similar services to their customers. The only difference between these companies is based on mode of provision of airline services. In that connection, although the product is similar, product differentiation has been employed to brand airline services that meet consumers lists of preference. The number of seller have tried to differentiate their airline services. For instance, Qantas differentiated airline services by trying to defend its market share through service upgrades along with product innovations such as the CityFlyer services on key trunk routes. On the other hand Virgin Blue deals with leisure travel over major trunk routes rather than an integrated trunk and regional network which also follow under the category of airline services. It is clear that the two industries try to differentiate the services by rebranding airline services so as to satisfy their customers as we as to meet market demand (Balch, 2013). This is oligopolistic market structure. Emmanuel Macron has misdiagnosed France's ailing economy The business cycle that France faced in 2017 was economic depression. This cycle is associated with increase in the rate of unemployment, increase in the rate of inflation and decrease in the rate of GDP. GDP increased from 0.4 to 0.5, unemployment increased from 9.6% to 10% while inflation increased from 0.8% to 1.2%. This is a clear indicator that economic condition in France is not stable. The bar graph below is a clear indicate that France faced economic depression in 2017. The French economic depression or recession of 2017 can be represented by AD-AS model. Aggregate demand aggregate supply model indicates the output level in terms of GDP and price level in terms of inflation and unemployment and indicated on Macroeconomic Indicators for France, 2017. From the above AD-AS model, the macroeconomic model consists of inflation, unemployment and GDP of France in 2017. Both inflation and unemployment represent price level while GDP represents output of France in 2017. It is clear that leadership of Emmanuel Macron has not enabled France to undergo growth and development. From AD-AS model, the equilibrium point is less than potential output of French economic condition in 2017. What the president needs to do in order to have a favorable economic stability is based on GDP, inflation and employment (Krugman, Obstfeld Melitz, 2012). The rate of unemployment and inflation need to be kept low. On the other hand, GDP per person should increase. If these factors are considered, AD-AS model indicates an equilibrium point in the economy. Factors contributing to economic growth by AD-AS model Economic growth can be defined as an increase in real GDP of a country. When the value of goods and services produced by a particular country increase in value, then we consider that as economic growth. There are demand-side factors and supply-side factors of economic growth as demonstrated by AD-AS model. Demand-side factor of economic growth Consumers spending. If the consumers of goods and service use much of their earning to purchase goods and services, a lot of money will be in circulation (Hausman, 2007). This money will be used in a lot of economic activities that in return promote economic growth. Interest rates. If interest rates are low, investors will be encouraged to borrow money which will motivate firms to invest. Consumers will be willing to spend on goods and services. Consumer confidence. Economic growth depends on confidence of consumers and business. When the consumer is confident on which business to venture, then he will be motivated to borrow and spend (Sampson, 2013). As a result, there will be rise in economic growth. Unconfident consumer is always pessimistic and will only save or reduce spending thus reducing economic growth. Asset price. Increase in value of assets will forces people to spend more money that can increase economic growth. Supply-side factors of economic growth Levels of infrastructure. If the government supply resources to invest on transport, roads and communication, then firms are likely to lower costs and increase on production. Economic growth face competition at global level (Marshall, 2013). If a country fail to invest on infrastructure, then economic growth will become a challenge. Human capital. Productivity of workers has a perfect positive correlation to rate of economic growth. Higher rate of production culminate to higher economic growth. Technological development. The higher the technology the higher the rate of economic growth. The strength of labour market. Labour market represents workforce. Strong labour market promotes economic growth. The policy that the French government need to undertake to stimulate economic growth is labour market law. This will promote employment sector where employers will be willing to recruit many workers in their firms. This will enable France to reduce the rate of unemployment. With reduction in the rate of unemployment France will receive higher GDP per person along with favorable aggregate demand. Education is very important as far as economic growth of a country is concerned. Labour markets are also very important for economic growth and development. Investment on workers education would propel economic growth of France as indicated below. Workers will gain necessary skills and knowledge in different fields. Therefore, firms will be in a position to hire qualified workers. This will increase output per worker in the firm and contribute to economic growth. Education will enable workers to gain skills that will be applied in creating employment. The rate of unemployment in France is alarming and government alone cannot solve this issue. There is need to involve investors so as to create new jobs at personal level. This must apply education of workers. Workers will gain skills on how to develop infrastructure in France. In that connection, there will be development in terms of roads, transport systems and communication networks (Wilson, 2006). This will assist firms to cut down costs of production. There will be a lot of savings from these firms. The government will collect a lot of revenue from these firms. Macron would achieve long-run objectives of economic growth and development in France since educating workers is a way of empowering them. Education can be utilized by every worker in France while labour markets concentrate on a small portion of workers. It is better to empower more people indirectly through education than empowering fewer people directly through labour markets. The diagram below demonstrates long-run economic growth that France would achieve through educating workers. The diagram indicates how long-term growth incorporates worker productivity. In economics, it is clear that the influence of human capital, physical capital, fixed capital and technology contribute to long-run growth (Dann Dann, 2007). L1 indicates the level of output produced per worker at point A as a result of a single increase in labour force. This denote marginal product. In the long-run, the labour force changes to point B at L2 which indicates a positive growth in the economy. This can be associated with educating workers with skills and infrastructure that result to increase in skilled labour in the country. 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